diff --git a/crates/flat/src/encoder.rs b/crates/flat/src/encoder.rs
index 229efca0..436b7c42 100644
--- a/crates/flat/src/encoder.rs
+++ b/crates/flat/src/encoder.rs
@@ -43,10 +43,12 @@ impl Encoder {
     /// Encode a `bool` value.
     pub fn bool(&mut self, x: bool) -> &mut Self {
         if x {
-            self.one()
+            self.one();
         } else {
-            self.zero()
+            self.zero();
         }
+
+        self
     }
 
     pub fn bytes(&mut self, arr: &[u8]) -> Result<&mut Self, String> {
@@ -73,17 +75,15 @@ impl Encoder {
         Ok(self)
     }
 
-    fn zero(&mut self) -> &mut Self {
+    fn zero(&mut self) {
         if self.used_bits == 7 {
             self.next_word();
         } else {
             self.used_bits += 1;
         }
-
-        self
     }
 
-    fn one(&mut self) -> &mut Self {
+    fn one(&mut self) {
         if self.used_bits == 7 {
             self.current_byte |= 1;
             self.next_word();
@@ -91,8 +91,6 @@ impl Encoder {
             self.current_byte |= 128 >> self.used_bits;
             self.used_bits += 1;
         }
-
-        self
     }
 
     fn byte_unaligned(&mut self, x: u8) {
@@ -139,23 +137,54 @@ impl Encoder {
         }
     }
 
-    fn bits(&mut self, num_bits: i64, val: u8) {
-        self.used_bits += num_bits;
-        let unused_bits = 8 - self.used_bits;
-        match unused_bits {
-            x if x > 0 => {
-                self.current_byte |= val << x;
+    pub fn encode_list_with<T: Encode>(&mut self, list: Vec<T>) -> Result<(), String> {
+        for item in list {
+            self.one();
+            self.encode(item)?;
+        }
+        self.zero();
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn bits(&mut self, num_bits: i64, val: u8) {
+        match (num_bits, val) {
+            (1, 0) => self.zero(),
+            (1, 1) => self.one(),
+            (2, 0) => {
+                self.zero();
+                self.zero();
             }
-            x if x == 0 => {
-                self.current_byte |= val;
-                self.next_word();
+            (2, 1) => {
+                self.zero();
+                self.one();
             }
-            x => {
-                let used = -x;
-                self.current_byte |= val >> used;
-                self.next_word();
-                self.current_byte = val << (8 - used);
-                self.used_bits = used;
+            (2, 2) => {
+                self.one();
+                self.zero();
+            }
+            (2, 3) => {
+                self.one();
+                self.one();
+            }
+            (_, _) => {
+                self.used_bits += num_bits;
+                let unused_bits = 8 - self.used_bits;
+                match unused_bits {
+                    x if x > 0 => {
+                        self.current_byte |= val << x;
+                    }
+                    x if x == 0 => {
+                        self.current_byte |= val;
+                        self.next_word();
+                    }
+                    x => {
+                        let used = -x;
+                        self.current_byte |= val >> used;
+                        self.next_word();
+                        self.current_byte = val << (8 - used);
+                        self.used_bits = used;
+                    }
+                }
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/crates/uplc/src/ast.rs b/crates/uplc/src/ast.rs
index b18043fe..f788deb6 100644
--- a/crates/uplc/src/ast.rs
+++ b/crates/uplc/src/ast.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
+use flat::en::{Encode, Encoder};
+
 use crate::builtins::DefaultFunction;
 
+const TERM_TAG_WIDTH: u32 = 4;
+
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct Program {
     pub version: String,
@@ -32,6 +36,22 @@ pub enum Term {
     Builtin(DefaultFunction),
 }
 
+pub fn encode_term_tag(tag: u8, e: &mut Encoder) -> Result<(), String> {
+    safe_encode_bits(TERM_TAG_WIDTH, tag, e)
+}
+
+pub fn safe_encode_bits(num_bits: u32, byte: u8, e: &mut Encoder) -> Result<(), String> {
+    if 2_u8.pow(num_bits) < byte {
+        Err(format!(
+            "Overflow detected, cannot fit {} in {} bits.",
+            byte, num_bits
+        ))
+    } else {
+        e.bits(num_bits as i64, byte);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub enum Constant {
     // TODO: figure out the right size for this
@@ -48,3 +68,43 @@ pub enum Constant {
     // tag: 5
     Bool(bool),
 }
+
+impl Encode for Program {
+    fn encode(&self, e: &mut Encoder) -> Result<(), String> {
+        self.version.encode(e)?;
+        self.term.encode(e)?;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Encode for Term {
+    fn encode(&self, e: &mut Encoder) -> Result<(), String> {
+        match self {
+            Term::Constant(constant) => {
+                encode_term_tag(4, e)?;
+                constant.encode(e)?;
+            }
+            rest => {
+                todo!("Implement: {:?}", rest)
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Encode for &Constant {
+    fn encode(&self, e: &mut Encoder) -> Result<(), String> {
+        match self {
+            Constant::Integer(_) => todo!(),
+            Constant::ByteString(bytes) => bytes.encode(e)?,
+            Constant::String(s) => s.encode(e)?,
+            Constant::Char(c) => c.encode(e)?,
+            Constant::Unit => todo!(),
+            Constant::Bool(b) => b.encode(e)?,
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}